Good Odds

The odds are always against you when you gamble, which is an excellent argument for not gambling in the first place.  If you're gonna gamble anyway, then it pays to play at a casino that offers good odds.  That's one reason I chose Bovada as the advertiser.  Let me first tell you about the competition, though.

Many online casinos are stingy when setting the odds on their games.  They think they'll make more money by setting the games tighter, so the player has less chance of winning, but they're wrong.  When players lose at a tight casino too quickly, those players much less likely to return.  Contrast that with a casino with good odds: Players get to play longer, which is a good experience, so they're more likely to return and become long-term customers.

Bovada has always offered games with good odds, knowing that if your money lasts longer, you'll be a happier, loyal customer.  They've got:

  • Two blackjack games returning over 99.8%
  • Single-0 roulette
  • Full-pay Jacks or Better (99.54%)
  • Nine other video poker games returning over 99%

Bovada's not perfect, but at least they offer decent odds.

Try their blackjack for free.
One click and you're in.
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Gambling problem?

  1. Call the 800-522-4700 hotline or get online help
  2. See these horror stories.
  3. Know that aripiprazole and Parkinson's drugs encourage gambling.

Slot Machine PAR Sheets

Last update: July 19, 2024

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Gold Rush Gus slot machine

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Jump to the PAR sheets

What are PAR sheets?

A PAR sheet is a "blueprint" for a slot machine.  It's a list of all the symbols on each reel, along with a paytable.  The combination of the reel pattern plus the payouts is what determines the payback / RTP of the machine (which is also listed on the PAR sheet).  When a manufacturer or publisher creates a slot machine, they make a PAR sheet for the slot.

PAR sheets are of no value to players, except as a curiosity, and to see what the RTP is.  Having a PAR sheet doesn't help you figure out how to beat the machine, because all spins are random.  Rather, PAR sheets are used by programmers to see how to code the slot.  That's really who this article is for.  (Programmers will also want to see my article, How to Program a Slot Machine.)

PAR sheets are hard to come by, because slot manufacturers and publishers keep them secret—for no good reason, since knowing access to the PAR data doesn't compromise the game.  After all, we can analyze games like craps and roulette, because we can see all elements of the game, but no one is beating those games, because those games are random just like slots are.

However, with some sleuthing I've been able to tracPARk some down  sheets for several real casino slots, and they're all listed here below.  In addition, I've created some of my own, and they're listed below for free.  This is the kind of thing you get only at Easy Vegas; as I write this, not a single other website on the entire Internet offers such an assortment of PAR sheets.

Buy a PAR sheet

You might need features that aren't available on the free PAR sheets on this page.  (e.g. specific RTP)  In that case, you can order a PAR sheet from me and I'll make one for you.

Order a Custom PAR Sheet
Choose
Item
Unit Price
Order Price
Basics
# of reels $50 $50

1st RTP or specify a custom RTP: % i free
free

2nd RTP or specify a custom RTP: % free
free

3rd RTP or specify a custom RTP: % free
free

4th RTP or specify a custom RTP: % $100


5th RTP or specify a custom RTP: % $100


Formal Par Sheet (otherwise, just the symbol distribution
 + paytable, which is all you need to code the slot)
$100


Number of paylines.  Paylines are arbitrary and don't affect the RTP as long as each additional payline requires an additional bet.  To order slot that automatically has multiple paylines included for the minimum bet, see "Special Features" below. n/a
n/a
Symbols

Wild Symbol, which doubles as jackpot symbol $25


More or fewer symbols than standard (11 is standard) $100

Scatters and Bonus Rounds

Scatters (earn a payout for hitting X scatters) $25


Free Spins earned by scatters (free spins can earn free spins, bonus round can have a multiplier) $25


More than 3 rows visible for scatters $100


Bonus Round besides Free Spins (e.g. pick among X treasure chests) $100

Jackpot

Bonus for Max Coins Played $100


Progressive Jackpot (normal, not must-hit-by) $100


Must-Hit-By Progressive Jackpot $100

Special Features

Multiple paylines activated for minimum bet $100


Accumulators i $100


Right-to-Left scoring, or Anywere-On-Line scoring
(either instead of Left-to-Right, or in addition to LtR)
$100

Order

Total $50

Your email address: 

  By checking this box, you agree to these terms:
(1) RTPs of deliverable are guaranteed to be within 0.1% points of the order.
(2) If RTP is discovered to be >±0.1% points off, your sole remedy will be a refund of your order payment. (FWIW, I've never had a client discover an error in one of my PAR sheets.)
(3) No other guarantees are made.
(4) I reserve the right to reject any order for any reason.

(Not a contract, no obligation; we'll talk after I get your order.)


PAR sheets for real slots in land casinos

3-reel games

  1. In the Money.  A Bally game from 2000.  First published in the 2005 edition of Casino Operations Management.
  2. Blazing 7s
  3. Red White & Blue.  A 94.675% payback flavor.
  4. Red White & Blue.  An 87.47% payback flavor.
  5. Double Diamond
  6. Lion's Share.*
  7. Generic 1987 IGT slot.  This is from the 1998 edition of the book Casino Operations Management.

5-reel games

  1. Lion Fish
  2. Triple Double Diamond with Hot Roll* 
  3. Jackpot Party
  4. Blazing 7s.*
  5. Hexbreaker
  6. Phantom of the Opera*
  7. Lucky Larry's Lobstermania.*  From the Wizard of Odds, and Canadian researchers.
  8. Money Storm
  9. Cleopatra* 

* Not an official PAR sheet, but analysis by mathematician(s) that has the same kind of data that would be on a PAR sheet.  Some of these may include estimated, not exact data.

PAR sheets by the Wizard of Odds

These were created by gaming mathematician Michael Shackleford (aka the Wizard of Odds).  They're exactly like the real thing, even though they haven't been developed into real-money games (as far as I know).

  1. Vamos a Las Vegas (VLV).  A slot by the Wizard of Odds.
  2. Atkins Diet.  Another slot by the Wizard of Odds.

PAR sheets by Easy Vegas

Notes

  1. You are welcome to use these in your projects (that's what they're for), even for commercial use.  Change the title and the symbols to your liking.  Remember that for 3-reel slots, "blank" is a common symbol.
  2. Each section contains everything you need to code a game, but they're not actual par sheets per se, since real par sheets contain a lot more data. (Example 1, Example 2)
  3. I list the number of each symbol on each reel, but not the exact symbol order.  The order doesn't matter, use whatever you like.
  4. The paytable is per coin played.  You can expand each table for more coins played.  For example, for 2 coins played, double the payout.
  5. Some RTP's are rounded.  True RTPs may be ±0.1% points different than listed.
  6. Use any paylines as you see fit.  The RTP is the same whether you use one payline or twenty.
  7. I'm sure the math on these par sheets is correct, but these are free sheets, so I take no responsibility for errors.

“Coinflipper” • RTP 87.5-100% • (Hit Frequency: 12.5% • Jackpot Odds: 1 in 8)

This slot uses only two symbols, heads or tails of a coin.

Reels
Reel 1 Equal numbers of "H" and "T"
(any number total)
Reel 2 same
Reel 3 same
Paytable 1 (100%)
Combo Pays
HHH 8
Paytable 2 (87.5%)
Combo
Pays
HHH
7


“A/B” • RTP 97.3-99.3% • (Hit Frequency: 27% • Jackpot: 1 in 1000)

This slot uses only two symbols.

Reels
Reel 1 4 "A", 36 "B"
Reel 2 same
Reel 3 same
Paytable 1 (97.3%)
Combo Pays
AAA 190
any 2 A 20
any A 1
Paytable 2 (98.3%)
Combo Pays
AAA 200
any 2 A 20
any A 1
Paytable 3 (99.3%)
Combo Pays
AAA 210
any 2 A 20
any A 1


“Easy Vegas” • 97-99% • (Hit Frequency: 21% • Jackpot Odds: 1 in 9,709)

This slot features relatively frequent jackpots, with the jackpot odds being only 1 in 9709 vs. 1 in (hundreds of thousands to millions) in most other slots.  I did it this way to show that the jackpot odds isn't necessarily related to the RTP; the Bluejay Bonanza game below has the same RTP but drastically different jackpot odds.

The catch is that to offer such frequent jackpots, the small pays are reduced, so this machine sucks money away quickly between jackpots.  On Bluejay Bonanza, the jackpot comprises only 0.8% of the total return, but on this slot it's a whopping 12.3%.

Because jackpots hit frequently on this machine, the jackpot prize is 1199, a hair shy of 1200, to avoid the IRS W-2G paperwork required in a land casino for wins of $1200 or more.

Reels
Reel 1 6 JP • 8 R7 • 9 3B
11 2B • 22 1B
8 CH • 64 BL
Reel 2 same
Reel 3 same
JP = Jackpot • R7 = Red 7
3B = Triple bar
2B = Double bar
1B = Single bar
CH = Cherry • BL = Blank

The order of the symbols
doesn't matter, arrange
them however you like.
You can use the same order
or different order for each
reel.
Paytable 1 (99%)
Combo Pays
JP JP JP 1199
R7 R7 R7 200
3B 3B 3B 100
2B 2B 2B 90
1B 1B 1B 40
CH CH CH 40
any 3  of 1B/2B/3B 10
any 2 CH 5
any 1 CH 1
Paytable 2 (98%)
Combo Pays
JP JP JP 1199
R7 R7 R7 150
3B 3B 3B 120
2B 2B 2B 90
1B 1B 1B 40
CH CH CH 20
any 3  of 1B/2B/3B 10
any 2 CH 5
any 1 CH 1
Paytable 3 (97%)
Combo Pays
JP JP JP 1199
R7 R7 R7 150
3B 3B 3B 120
2B 2B 2B 80
1B 1B 1B 40
CH CH CH 10
any 3  of 1/2/3B 10
any 2 CH 5
any 1 CH 1


“Bluejay Bonanza” • 97-99% • (Hit Freq.: 24% • Jackpot Odds: 1 in 262,144)

This plays much like a traditional 3-reel slot, with  infrequent jackpots and a low hit frequency.  It's described in detail in my How Slot Machines Work article. 

Reels
Reel 1 2 JP • 9 R7 • 10 3B
14 2B • 20 1B
9 CH • 64 BL
Reel 2 same
Reel 3 same
JP = Jackpot • R7 = Red 7
3B = Triple bar
2B = Double bar
1B = Single bar
CH = Cherry • BL = Blank
Paytable 1 (99%)
Combo Pays
JP JP JP 2000
R7 R7 R7 150
3B 3B 3B 100
2B 2B 2B 60
1B 1B 1B 40
CH CH CH 25
any 3  of 1/2/3B 10
any 2 CH 8
any 1 CH 1
Paytable 2 (98%)
Combo Pays
JP JP JP 2000
R7 R7 R7 100
3B 3B 3B 80
2B 2B 2B 40
1B 1B 1B 30
CH CH CH 20
any 3  of 1/2/3B 12
any 2 CH 9
any 1 CH 1
Paytable 3 (97%)
Combo Pays
JP JP JP 2000
R7 R7 R7 150
3B 3B 3B 80
2B 2B 2B 40
1B 1B 1B 30
CH CH CH 20
any 3  of 1/2/3B 12
any 2 CH 7
any 1 CH 1


Play slots online

I suggest you play something other than slots because slot odds are so bad.  You could also play online with fake money, because then it doesn't matter if you lose.  A good casino for free-play is Bovada, since it requires no download and no registration.  (If you see a registration box, you can close it and continue without registering.)  You can play with real money too, though I hope you won't (or at least won't bet more than you can comfortably afford to lose). (advertisement)



All my slot machine articles



Practice gambling with play money

Before you throw down your hard-earned cash in a casino, PRACTICE FIRST!  Learn the games with play money where it doesn't cost you anything if you lose.  Seriously.

You can play Bovada's games (below) right away without registering for an account.  Most every other online casino makes you give up your email address just to play the fake-money games — ugh.  That's the main reason Bovada is the only online casino that gets advertising space on my site.  (When you see the registration box, you can cancel it and proceed to the game without registering.)

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